• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Injection equipment (1) for the manufacture of metal parts, applicable for the serial manufacture of metal parts and components by pressure injection of the metal in liquid state (I) in a mold (2), comprising a cylinder (3) equipped with a container (6) suitable to receive the liquid (I) and a piston (4) that moves the liquid (I) from inside the container (6) into the mold (2) where the cylinder (3) is arranged vertically (3) under the mold (2), so that the liquid to be injected (I) is poured into the cylinder (3) by gravity, and after closing the mold (2) and the liquid is injected under pressure (I) inside the mold; and because the injection equipment includes means to regulate the capacity of the container (6) to adapt it to the capacity of the mold (2) in such a way that the air inside the container (6) is reduced before each injection cycle and avoiding the phase of liquid (I) approaching the mold (2) prior to the injection stage at high speed and pressure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2774396A1
    申请号:ES202030175
    申请日:2020-02-28
    公开日:2020-07-20
    发明作者:Cantero Jose Ramirez
    申请人:Diepress Tech S L U；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] METALS IN MOLD AND INJECTION PROCESS FOR SAID
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] The invention, as stated in the wording of the present specification, refers to an injection equipment for the manufacture of metal parts in mold and the injection process for said manufacture, providing, to the function for which it is intended, advantages and features, which are described in detail later.
    [0008] The object of the present invention lies in an injection equipment applicable for the serial manufacture of metal parts and components, mainly aluminum, by means of a mold from the pressure injection of the metal alloy in liquid state, which presents the particularity of being structurally designed and constituted to carry out a process that combines the advantages of gravity casting and high pressure, avoiding its drawbacks, that is, obtaining pieces with high cadence (high pressure) avoiding the presence of gaseous porosity (gravity) , for which said equipment is mainly distinguished in two essential aspects: by comprising a pressure injection cylinder arranged in a vertical position, in which the container that forms the position of the piston has a capacity adapted to the mold cavity to avoid the formation of air, and by understanding the inclusion of thermal and pressure probes that, connected to a computer unit With specific software, they constitute a temperature capture and control system that allow the temperature and pressure of the mold to be set and to be able to automate the successive phases of the injection process.
    [0009] Furthermore, a second aspect of the present invention refers to said injection process for said manufacture of metal parts.
    [0011] FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
    [0013] The field of application of the present invention is framed within the sector of the industry dedicated to the manufacture of injection systems for non-ferrous metals by mold.
    [0015] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0017] As is well known, the serial manufacture of aluminum parts and components from the alloy in liquid state is currently carried out by means of two differentiated processes: gravity casting and high pressure injection.
    [0019] The "gravity casting" presents an internal structure free of gaseous porosity but the cycles are slow, while with the "high pressure" very fast cycles are obtained but with a high risk of the presence of air inside the pieces, which they must be regulated by standards of acceptance of the same.
    [0021] More specifically, each of these procedures consists of the following:
    [0023] - Gravity casting (chill): This type of casting process is based on the introduction of a liquid metal, usually iron, aluminum or copper, in a metallic or sand cavity with the shape of the piece we want to obtain. The entry of this molten material into the cavity is produced by its own weight, hence its name "by gravity".
    [0024] It is a very common and ancient casting technique. As advantages we can mention the possibility of obtaining complex pieces at the level of geometry, low porosity and the possibility of carrying out heat treatment. The main drawback is not being able to get pieces with thin walls and their low cadence.
    [0026] - High Pressure Injection. High pressure injection is a mechanical casting process, in which the molten metal is compressed in a permanent metal mold configured in two parts called the moving part and the fixed part. The die casting system allows the production of thin-walled parts and complex shapes, with high surface quality and high accuracy, thus requiring little finishing work (machining). This type of process has a high production rate.
    [0028] The high pressure injection process consists of three distinct phases:
    [0030] - First phase: designed to extract the maximum amount of air from the container, it is a critical phase in which the injection piston must be free from vibrations and grips.
    [0032] - Second phase: its mission is to introduce the liquid metal into the cavity through the casting attack at very high speed (filling times of milliseconds).
    [0034] - Third phase: also called the compacting phase; it enters when the mold cavity is full and the piston brakes abruptly, its mission is to compact the aluminum as much as possible on the walls of the mold to, among other things, avoid bumps (shrinkage porosity) and achieve the smallest size possible gas porosity.
    [0035] This injection process, despite having a high productivity, has the drawback of producing defects in the structure of the part in the form mainly of porosity and trapped gas, due to the turbulence that is generated during the injection process.
    [0037] These defects reduce the mechanical resistance of the components or pieces obtained, so they are not applied in pieces of maximum demand and responsibility, for example: in car rims or in components of the aeronautical sector, which are still carried out with the traditional casting system by gravity, whose productivity is notably lower. From all this it follows that the application of high pressure injection techniques in highly critical parts is very limited.
    [0039] In addition, in all injection two work phases are contemplated:
    [0041] - a phase of work at low speed, which has the function of tempering the mold and the entire system. During this phase, work is done at low speed to achieve tempering of the mold and thus stabilize the process since if filling cycles were carried out at high speed with the mold without tempering, the life of the mold would be impaired and parts with the required quality would not be obtained
    [0043] - and another phase of work at high speed, which is the phase where you work at an optimal pace while obtaining parts with the required quality The change from one stage to another is carried out, either manually or at a previously determined time.
    [0045] The objective of the present invention is, therefore, to provide the market with a new injection system and equipment that represents an improved alternative to these two methods through injection equipment that combines the advantages of both procedures and avoids the drawbacks of both, allowing the production of aluminum parts with a high rate ("high pressure") and avoiding the presence of gaseous porosity ("gravity").
    [0046] On the other hand, and as a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least by the applicant, the existence of any other injection equipment, or any other invention of similar application, that presents technical and structural characteristics is unknown. The same or similar to those presented by the one claimed here.
    [0048] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    [0050] The injection equipment for the manufacture of metal parts in mold and the injection process for said manufacture that the invention proposes are configured as the ideal solution to the aforementioned objective, being the characterizing details that make it possible and that distinguish them conveniently collected in the final claims accompanying the present description.
    [0052] Specifically, what the invention proposes, as noted above, is an injection equipment applicable for the serial manufacture of metal parts and components, mainly aluminum, from the pressure injection of the metal alloy in liquid state. in a mold, which has the particularity of essentially comprising a pressure injection cylinder arranged in a vertical position to work at high pressure, in which the liquid container to be injected has a capacity that is adaptable to the mold cavity to avoid the air inside the cylinder. Preferably, the injection equipment includes the inclusion of thermal and pressure probes that, connected to a computer unit with specific software, allow the temperature and pressure of the mold to be set in order to automate the change between the phases of the injection process, that is, , between the low pressure phase and the high pressure phase, which combines the advantages of traditional injection systems by gravity casting and high pressure systems, but avoiding their drawbacks.
    [0054] This is possible, essentially, thanks to the following:
    [0056] In conventional horizontal injection, aluminum occupies the lower part of the injection cylinder (hereinafter container), leaving a high percentage of the same vacuum, which is called "degree of filling of the container". Usually working with values between 30% and 60% of occupancy, which leaves ranges of between 70% and 40% of air. This air must be dislodged from the container before injection, since otherwise areas of porosity (holes) would appear in the injected part. These will affect the final result in different ways, such as from an unwanted aesthetic appearance after machining, to a notable loss of mechanical resistance as the resistant section is reduced in areas where air replaces aluminum, passing through blisters in the surface of the piece among other drawbacks.
    [0058] It is very important to mention that the air, once trapped within the liquid mass of aluminum, cannot be eliminated unless it is dragged to areas of last filling and is collected in the overflows (tanks located in peripheral areas of the piece destined to this end). If it remains inside the part, the only thing that can be achieved is to minimize the pore size by means of pressure (3rd stage of conventional injection: multiplication or overpressure).
    [0060] The conventional methods for eliminating this air before the injection itself (2nd stage of conventional injection: start of the fast phase with high speeds of the injection piston) are basically two:
    [0061] - Optimal parameterization of the slow piston advance phase
    [0062] - Use of vacuum devices
    [0064] The main differential element of the injection equipment of the present invention compared to conventional high pressure injection is the elimination of the approach phase, or low speed, during which the aluminum is made to reach the feeding channels and attacks of pieces, through which the mold cavity is filled. This phase will necessarily be slow to avoid trapping of air during the compaction of the aluminum and to be able to evacuate the greatest quantity of air before the injection itself.
    [0066] Thus, the main advantages of the equipment of the invention are:
    [0068] - Complete elimination of air pockets generated during inching.
    [0069] The equipment is an alternative between the two systems described, overcoming the handicap of the air in the container by using filling degrees close to 100% and eliminating the first phase of conventional injection, but without the need to reach complete elimination. of the air in the cavity by using vacuum equipment.
    [0071] - Elimination of erosion in the loading area of the container.
    [0072] One of the main drawbacks of conventional horizontal injection is the erosion caused by liquid aluminum in the loading zone of the container. Regardless of whether the loading is done through a ladle furnace (open chamber) or a channel connected to a pressurized furnace (closed chamber), the distance between the loading hole and the "floor" of the container will always be present. the potential energy originated by this distance at each impact, that is to say, in each injection cycle, ends up causing the erosion of the steel in this area of the container, leading to really important steel detachments, which require the replacement of the container. The main risks or inconveniences caused when working with containers in poor condition are:
    [0074] - Erratic advance of the piston (seizure) during the 1st injection phase.
    [0075] The eroded area causes pre-solidification of the aluminum that hinders the linear advance of the piston, producing micro retentions during the advance. Each of these micro retentions becomes a potential air entrapment hazard.
    [0077] - Risk of liquid aluminum splashing from the rear of the container. The erosion of the container causes the fit between it and the piston to be lost, which can give rise to aluminum splashes.
    [0079] The equipment of the invention completely eliminates the problem of erosion in the loading zone of the container, since it does not exist, the pouring of the liquid aluminum is carried out on the piston in its raised position.
    [0081] - Minimization of the risk of pre-solidification and aluminum oxide sheets.
    [0082] In conventional injection there is a high risk of the appearance of these two problems. A premature solidification of aluminum (as long as it is not controlled as in semi-solid processes) can cause different problems during injection:
    [0084] - Microretentions of the piston during the first injection phase.
    [0085] - Partial or total plugging in the pouring attacks.
    [0086] - Loss of injection power when investing part of the energy in the re-melting of these solidifications.
    [0087] - Decrease in the fluidity of liquid aluminum.
    [0089] - Elimination of the "gravity effect".
    [0090] Conventional horizontal injectors cause the so-called "gravity effect" both during the 1st injection phase and during the 2nd.
    [0092] - "Gravity effect" during the conventional injection phase (slow). During this first phase, as the aluminum is distributed inside the container, gravity has a negative effect during the slow advance of the piston to compact the mass of liquid aluminum and prepare it for its injection.Gravity plays an important role in the formation of possible waves, since it pushes the crests of the same downwards.This effect can cause undesirable trapping of air.
    [0094] - "Gravity effect" during the 2nd phase of conventional injection (fast). The main drawback of horizontal injection is that the mold works vertically. The possible adverse effect of the gravitational opposition to a vertical advance and "up" of the aluminum it is more than supplied with the high injection speeds, however, there is a problem when the molds have more than one cavity: the pre-filling.
    [0096] Thus, for example, if a 4-cavity mold is taken in which their distribution is "two up" and "two down", obviously, for the two "up" figures, the pre-filling problem will be easily controllable, but for the two figures "below" it must be taken into account that, to the negative effect of arriving with the aluminum at low speed during the approach phase, the effect of gravity will be added, which will cause part of this advance front " spill ”down the channel feeding, with the risk of causing a pre-filling in the piece or what is worse, a premature solidification of the aluminum slow in the casting attack.
    [0098] With the injection equipment of the present invention the "gravity effect" during the first phase will disappear when it disappears. In fact, gravity will act more homogeneously in the mass of liquid aluminum already compacted in the shape of a cylinder. On the other hand, the The risks of pre-filling in molds with several cavities, caused by the "gravity effect", will disappear completely, since the injection is carried out vertically while the mold works horizontally. In this way, and following the example of the four-cavity mold, we would be talking about "the two on the right" and "the two on the left" instead of "the two on top" and "the two on the bottom" , so it will be relatively easy to find the point at which the aluminum reaches the attacks of the 4 figures at the same time without taking into account the gravity factor.
    [0100] - Increased productivity by increasing the cadence of the cycles. By eliminating a phase compared to conventional injection, the equipment of the invention will present cycle times, other conditions being equal, much shorter than conventional injection. In principle, the equipment of the invention is designed for injection of small parts in which cycle times between 25 and 30 seconds can be estimated with conventional injection. A reduction of approximately 3 seconds in these cycle times, which would be normal using the equipment of the invention, would suppose productive increases of between 10 and 12%, but the reduction may be even more remarkable if one takes into account that the The absence of air in the container makes it possible to work with smaller risers than in conventional injection, as it requires less liquid vein to re-feed areas of gaseous porosity.
    [0101] This fact allows working with shorter solidification times. If in the conventional injection for small / medium-sized parts, times around 10 seconds are used, with the equipment of the invention one could speak of opening times around 6. Taking as a reference the 25-30 seconds of cycle time and counting with a reduction of close to 7 seconds, we would be talking about productive increases of around 23 to 28%.
    [0103] - Reduction in the cost of machinery.
    [0104] It is evident that the elimination of the first injection phase results in a simplification of the machinery used compared to conventional injection, thus reducing the hydraulic demands of the system. In this way you can get machinery with a cost, both in material and energy, below that of a conventional fuel transfer.
    [0106] Preferably, therefore, the movements of the injection cylinder are controlled through a hydraulic system (switchboard) to which it is connected through a PLC and programmable software specifically designed for this purpose.
    [0108] Another essential characteristic of the equipment is the inclusion of means to achieve thermal control of the mold, so that the temperature at certain points of the same serves as a control parameter within the injection process. In addition to a control parameter, said temperature record also serves as an alarm for a possible internal malfunction of the mold (cooling, seizures in expulsion ...) or as a system for detecting internal failures in the steel of the same (formation and advance cracks, oxidations.) Specifically, the equipment includes a temperature capture system that preferably comprises two thermocouple probes.
    [0109] The importance of this system is given by the following. The injection duration of the aluminum in the mold cavity is usually less than 6 seconds. The injection of material causes a very rapid rise in temperature due to the heat transfer that occurs by conduction between the part, which can be at about 630 ° C and the mold at 110 ° C. The part in contact with the part heats up to 350 ° C and during the solidification of the casting it cools down to 310 ° C, which is the moment when the mold opens. In the opening the piece is extracted and the part of the mold that was previously in contact with the casting is exposed directly to the open air. There is now a more attenuated convection cooling resulting in a steeper downward slope change.
    [0111] At the moment the spraying starts , the heat transfer by convection is forced, a fact that is represented as a precipitous drop in surface temperature from 310 to 130 ° C in less than 5 seconds. Blowing is then carried out, also cooling the skin of the mold even more, although less effectively than spraying up to 110 ° C. Once the mold is closed again, as its temperature inside is now higher than on the surface, a very slow heating of the surface of the mold takes place until its preheating temperature, that is, the temperature before injecting again.
    [0113] It is thus found that the thermoregulation of the mold throughout the cycle is of vital importance to obtain a quality part. Too high a mold temperature will have negative consequences such as:
    [0114] - Difficulties when removing the part (possible deformations)
    [0115] - Rapid degradation of the mold and lubricants.
    [0116] - Long and irregular cycles.
    [0117] - Dimensional instability of the piece.
    [0118] - Increased porosity.
    [0119] However, operating with a mold that is too cold can also be problematic:
    [0120] - Rapid mold degradation.
    [0121] - Difficult expulsion of the piece due to contraction.
    [0122] - Decrease in the effectiveness of the lubricant.
    [0123] - Welds between part and mold.
    [0124] - Cold fusions.
    [0125] - Dimensional instability.
    [0126] - Incomplete filling of the figure.
    [0128] Given this, it is easy to come to the conclusion that it is necessary to preheat the mold to bring it to the normal temperature before starting the injection and cool it later, helping to evacuate the heat during the solidification process.
    [0130] Once the thermal cycle of the mold has been analyzed, it can be concluded that if it is possible to make the aluminum solidify quickly and uniformly, two immediate benefits will be obtained:
    [0131] - Reduction of amortization costs due to the reduction of the cycle time. The duration of the solidification phase is approximately 30% of the total, so reducing this time by 20% will increase production by 6%. Additionally, production would be increased even more by shortening some other phase of the cycle, such as the spray injection. - Increase in quality due to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts. A rapid and uniform solidification translates into obtaining the small and uniform grain characteristic of parts with high mechanical resistance.
    [0133] The temperature capture system includes the existence of two thermocouples conveniently housed inside the mold and a data collection software for the aforementioned thermocouples designed in such a way that it allows the graphical representation of the temperature as a function of time, thus being able to determine the optimal thermal conditions for injection.
    [0135] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0137] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present specification is attached, as an integral part thereof, to a drawing in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature the following has been represented:
    [0139] Figure number 1.- Shows a schematic view of a pressure injection cylinder, according to the current state of the art, showing the existence of air in the upper part of the chamber as it is arranged in a horizontal position;
    [0141] Figure number 2.- Shows a schematic view of the pressure injection cylinder that comprises the equipment according to the invention, the disappearance of the air being appreciated when it is arranged in a vertical position;
    [0143] Figure number 3.- Shows a schematic representation of the main parts and elements that comprise the injection equipment of the invention; and
    [0145] Figure number 4.- Shows a representation, by means of a block diagram, of an embodiment of a production installation that includes the injection equipment, according to the invention, showing the elements and parts it comprises.
    [0146] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0148] In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, it can be seen in them, in addition to an example of a conventional pressure injection cylinder, an example of a non-limiting embodiment of injection equipment for the manufacture of metal parts in mold according to the invention, which comprises what is described in detail below.
    [0150] Thus, as seen in Figures 2 and 3, the pressure injection equipment (1) for the serial manufacture of metal parts and components, mainly aluminum, by pressure injection of the metal in liquid state (l) in a mold (2) essentially comprises:
    [0151] - On the one hand, a vertical cylinder (3), that is to say, a piston cylinder (3) (4) actuated through a hydraulic press (5) that is arranged in a vertical position on said mold (2), in such a way which works by gravity at the same time as pressure, in which said vertical cylinder (3) has a container (6) of liquid metal (l) to be injected whose capacity is adapted to the capacity of the mold cavity (2) to that are similar avoiding the existence of air inside before each injection cycle,
    [0152] - and, on the other hand, means for capturing temperature (7) of the mold (2) and means for capturing the pressure (8) for injection into the mold (2) which, connected to a computer unit (9) With specific software, they allow you to set the temperature and pressure of the mold to be able to automate some phases of the injection process.
    [0154] Taking into account Figure 1, where a conventional injection cylinder (3 ') that is arranged in a horizontal position has been represented, the inclusion of the liquid metal (l) in its container (6) generates the existence of a air chamber (a), which, with the vertical cylinder (3) of the equipment of the invention, is eliminated, making it possible to also dispense with the phase of evacuating air from the mold (2).
    [0156] In any case, preferably, the means for capturing the temperature (7) and capturing the pressure (8) of the mold (2) that comprises the equipment (1) of the invention are formed by the inclusion of respective thermocouple probes, thermal and pressure, connected to a computer unit (9) with specific software, specifically temperature control software and injection graphics control software, which computer unit (9), in turn, is connected to the PLC (10) that controls and synchronizes the operation of the mechanisms that operate the different elements of the equipment and the installation involved in the process.
    [0158] Considering Figure 4, it is observed, in a very schematic representation based on a block diagram, how the equipment of the invention will be integrated into a production facility comprising the following elements:
    [0160] - Furnace (11) for melting and maintaining metal, in this case Aluminum. - Spoon (12) for filling the container (6).
    [0161] - Container lubrication system (13) using grease waxes. - Vertical injection cylinder (3), formed by the container assembly (6) and piston (4) arranged in a vertical position.
    [0162] - Mold (2)
    [0163] - Cooling system (14) of the injection piston (3) and of the mold (2), preferably consisting of a hydraulic pump and corresponding tank.
    [0164] - Hydraulic injection press (5).
    [0165] - Part extraction system using mechanical clamps (15).
    [0166] - External lubrication-cooling system of the mold using a pressurized air / water gun (16).
    [0167] - Computer unit (9) for data acquisition, with injection graphics control software and temperature control software.
    [0169] On the other hand, the object of this invention is the injection process with the following stages:
    [0171] - Stage of creating the container (6) within the cylinder (3) by moving the piston (4) towards a point away from the mold (2). The capacity of the container is adaptable to the capacity of the mold (2) in such a way that the air inside the cavity (6) is reduced before each injection cycle and avoiding the phase of approaching the liquid (l) to the mold (2) prior to the injection stage at high speed and pressure. The container is defined by the diameter of the piston and the distance between the piston and the open end of the cylinder (3). Preferably, the adaptation of the capacity of the container (6) is carried out automatically when the mold (2) is changed, for example through a means of identifying the mold that includes information on the capacity of the mold.
    [0172] - Stage of loading the container (6) by introducing the liquid metal (l) into the container (6) through the open end of the cylinder (3). In a preferred embodiment, the introduction of the liquid metal (I) is carried out through a part of the mold (2).
    [0173] - Mold closing stage (2) in which the mold (2) located above the end of the cylinder (3) is closed. The closure of the mold (2) is preferably carried out by placing the mobile part of the mold (2) on the fixed part of the mold (2) which is the one located on the end of the cylinder (3). Once the mold (2) is closed, the mold cavity that will define the manufactured metal part is formed.
    [0174] - Injection stage where the piston (4) moves inside the cylinder (3) pushing and holding the liquid metal (l) inside the mold (2). Thanks to the configuration of the injection equipment (1), this process is carried out without a previous approach phase where the liquid metal (l) in which the aluminum reaches the feeding channels slowly to avoid air trapping during the compaction of the aluminum and to evacuate as much air as possible before the injection itself. The movement of the liquid (l) inside the container is carried out at a speed and pressure determined according to the technical requirements of the part to be manufactured.
    [0176] In a preferred embodiment, the injection process includes one or more of these steps in order to improve the injection process.
    [0178] - Temper the mold.
    [0179] - Mold lubrication (Fixed and Mobile Parts): when cold, a dense grease will be used that will favor the detachment of the part from the Mobile Part once injected and will prevent the formation of aluminum grips in the mold steel. Once the process temperature is reached, the dense fat is replaced by a water-based (water-based) mold release agent.
    [0180] - Container lubrication: lubrication to avoid seizure.
    [0181] - Solidification time: waiting time with the mold closed for the aluminum to cool and solidify.
    [0182] - Mold opening: movement of the mobile part of the press to the final opening-expulsion position.
    [0183] - Ejection and collection of the laundry: expulsion of the laundry from the moving part of the mold by means of a mechanical system and manual or automatic collection of the same.
    [0184] - End of the injection cycle.
    [0185] - Automatic change of the injection equipment work phases between a low speed work phase, which has the function of tempering the mold and the entire system and a high speed work phase, which is the stage where you work at an optimal pace. To do this, preferably the specific software, when it detects that the process is stabilized, performs the work phase change automatically forcing the injection equipment to work at the fast speed of filling the mold.
    [0186] Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. - Injection equipment (1) for the manufacture of metal parts, applicable for the serial manufacture of metal parts and components by pressure injection of metal in liquid state (l) in a mold (2), which comprises a cylinder (3) equipped with a container (6) suitable to receive the liquid (l) and a piston (4) that moves the liquid (l) from inside the container (6) to the inside of the mold (2) characterized in that the cylinder ( 3) is arranged in a vertical position (3) under the mold (2), so that the liquid to be injected (l) is poured into the cylinder (3) by gravity, and after closing the mold (2) and is injected into pressure the liquid (l) into the mold; and because the injection equipment comprises means for regulating the capacity of the container (6) to adapt it to the capacity of the mold (2) in such a way that the air inside the container (6) is reduced before each injection cycle and avoiding the phase of approach of the liquid (l) to the mold (2) prior to the injection stage at high speed and pressure.
    [2]
    2. - Injection equipment (1) for the manufacture of metal parts, according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises:
    • means for capturing the temperature (7) of the mold (2) and means for capturing the pressure (8) for injection in the mold (2);
    • a computer unit (9) with specific software,
    in such a way that the specific software, based on the values of injection temperature (7) and pressure (8) in the mold (2) allow to automate the change of rhythm and pressure of each injection cycle.
    [3]
    3. - Injection equipment for the manufacture of metal parts in a mold, according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature capture means (7) of the mold (2) are formed by the inclusion of thermocouple probes connected to a computer unit (9) with specific temperature control software.
    [4]
    4. - Injection equipment for the manufacture of metal parts in a mold, according to any of claims 2-3, characterized in that the means for capturing the pressure (8) of the mold (2) are formed by the inclusion of connected thermocouple probes to a computer unit (9) with specific injection graphics control software,
    [5]
    5. - Injection equipment for the manufacture of metal parts in mold, according to any of claims 2-4, characterized in that which computer unit (9), in turn, is connected to a PLC (10) that controls and synchronizes the functioning of the mechanisms that operate the different elements of the equipment and the installation involved in the process.
    [6]
    6. - Injection process for the manufacture of metal parts, using the injection equipment according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following stages:
    - Stage of creating the container (6) inside the cylinder (3) by moving the piston (4) towards a point away from the mold (2) depending on the capacity of the mold (2)
    - Stage of loading the container (6) by introducing the liquid metal (l) into the container (6) through the open end of the cylinder (3).
    - Mold closing stage (2) in which the mold (2) located above the end of the cylinder (3) is closed.
    - Injection stage where the piston (4) moves inside the cylinder (3) pushing and keeping the liquid metal (l) inside the mold (2).
    [7]
    7. - Injection process for the manufacture of metal parts, according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a stage of automatic change of the working phases of the injection equipment between the work phase at low speed and the work phase at high speed .
    [8]
    8. - Injection process for the manufacture of metal parts, according to any of claims 9-7, characterized in that it comprises one or more of the following stages:
    - Temper the mold.
    - Mold lubrication
    - Lubrication of the container
    - Solidification time.
    - Mold opening
    - Ejection and collection of laundry
    - End of the injection cycle.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2021170894A1|2021-09-02|
    ES2774396B2|2021-07-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4519436A|1980-01-21|1985-05-28|Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha|Method for injecting molten metal in vertical diecasting machine|
    EP0095513A1|1982-05-27|1983-12-07|Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha|Vertical type pressure casting method|
    US4601321A|1984-05-10|1986-07-22|Toyota Kidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha|Vertical die casting device|
    EP1479465A1|2003-05-19|2004-11-24|Takata Corporation|Vertical injection machine|
    EP1731245A2|2005-06-09|2006-12-13|Ngk Insulators, Ltd.|Diecast machine and diecast mathod|
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    PCT/ES2021/070141| WO2021170894A1|2020-02-28|2021-02-26|Injection device for producing metal pieces in a mould and injection method for said production|
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